请大家随我观赏一下古城的建构。
now please come with me ,lets have a close look at the structure of the ancient city.
(带游客向南浸步．边走边说，约走2—3个墩台即可停下)
我们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫；女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上．坐在旁边观看。一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔．这当然是为了实战的需要。
we could see,there is a short wall on each side of the city walls.it called parapet.we can say it " girls wall"too.compared with the city walls,this short wall is too weak,just like a weaker girl.about this there is a story has been going round:there isnt girls wall in the city walls earlier,once,a old man was enforced to came to build the city walls.he brought his little granddaughter came with him too.one day,a rural worker who looked very tired,he steped into the edge of the city walls unconscious,the old man's granddaughter afraid of him will fall down,so she pushed him back out of the edge,but she make too strenuous efforts,she saved the rural worker but the little girl slipped and dropped to her death.So the craftsmen build the short wall and named it "girls wall" in memory of that little girl.this is a moving story,its main purpose is telling the protective function of the short walls.we can discover the short walls in both side is quite different.they build a fort in the short wall in the side which is outward ,it also keep ostiole for looking out and shooting,that in order to met the demond of war.
大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台．墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。我们知道．古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。有了墩台．就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。
i think most people may already noticed that ,there is a part outward on the Wall spaced at regular distances from one another.it called pier,what does it used for?it used for protect the walls.we know that,bow and arrow and bending machine was the most important weapon in ancient times,not only they could shot an arrow downside,but the people who stood under the walls could also shot up here.so ,those soldiers couldnt leaned out thier body readily.so if we had a pier,we had a three dimensions net for shot.therfore the city walls is closely guarded.there is a watchtower on each pier,it has ostiole in there too,it used for looking out and shooting.
干遥古城除了具备这些共性持点外，还有自己独特的地方。
except those common character,the city also have its unique place.
城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩．把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。
the city walls is the outcome of the war,but the people in there like cast it a richly multi-cultural.they build a building which is the symbol of culture at the Southeastern Corner of the city walls.this is a place for warship,the god in there will bless them to be excelled in their examination ,so that they could bring prestige and honour to their families and clansmen.According to statistics,there are 3000 forts and 72 watchtowers in this walls.It is symbolic of 3000 of Confucian disciples and 72 of Confucian wise men.
乎遥俯视似龟形，历来有龟城之称．据说是取神龟寿水长存之意。全城六座城门，南门似头，城门和瓮城外门都向南．任龟首自由伸缩，北门似尾，瓮城外门拆而东向，好儡龟尾东甩：东西各二门似龟脚．三座瓮城外门拐向南开，好像神龟正续缓伸腿屈肢向前爬行，只有咱们刚才进来的下东门瓮城外门不向南拐而向东开，传说是伯神龟爬向别处，所以用一根无形的绳索把左后脚牢车地拴在城东Lo公里的麓台塔上，把这条腿都拉宜了。在南门外左右各有一口井，人们说那就是神龟的一对明亮的眼睛。在市中心，也就是龟心的位置，还修有一座市楼，就是我们看到的那座高踞众屋之上的楼，在市楼楼顶两坡上，还用黄、蓝两色琉璃瓦拼出双喜字相寿字，它充分体现了古城独特的文化氛围，表达了乎迢人民良好的愿望，这可以说是龟城城建构思的画龙点暗之作了。
this city have a reputation of being a turtle that is because when we took a overlook of pingyao,its shape just like a turtle.as is known to all ,turtle is a longevous animal,the people who lived here must be hope this meaningful symbol could protect their homes exist forever.there are six gates in this city ,South gate is like the head of this big turtle. North Gate like the tail, the West Gate and East Gate are like the turtle's foot.there is a well in eachside out of the south gate,it says they are turtles clear eyes.there is a high building in the center of this turtle,on the top of that building,they putting yellow and blue coloured glaze together in two Chinese character ,which could express in english with "pleased "and "longevity".its best illustrates its special atmosphere of culture.
乎遥城内文物众多，西南方向那一片覆盖琉璃的建筑，就是城隍庙、财神庙建筑群，近处观看，可以见到它馆角高挑、群昂飞动、油漆彩绘的壮丽景色。在它附近很显眼的那座现代大楼是平适中学教学楼。文庙大成殿就在校园内，从这里看不清蔑。为保护原来的风貌，古城中一般是不准建楼的，干迢人却为学校破例修了一座教学楼，足见对教育的重视。平迢中学也不负众望，一直以优异的成绩保持着这所省级重点中学在省内的领先地位. numerous precious cultural relics keep in the ancient city of pingyao. the construction coverd with coloured glaze situated in the southwest part is the Temple of Town God and the temple of the god of the wealth.its have beautiful shaped and magnificent view.and those modern construction beside them is pingyao middle school.As a general rule,build buildings is forbidden in this ancient city.but this is a exception.on the face of it,they take their education seriously.
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