【宋词英译】
QIN Guan – Lyrics to Gazing at the Tide of the Sea
Pure and delicate are plum blossoms, snow melts and flow away,
Concealed in easterlies is lapsed youth.
Those attending the bazaars of the Golden Valley and Copper Camel Alleyway
Are treading lightly raising mild dust on such a new fine day.
I still remember that time when I followed the wrong coach,
Among drifting catkins butterflies whirl to my spring nostalgia complicate.
In the shade of willows and along paths lined with peach trees,
Households all over receive a share of this spring landscape.
In the West Garden I drink the night away and the Tartar pipe play,
There are lanterns overshadowing the moon,
And a marquee getting in the way of drifting blooms.
Not yet bare is the orchid garden, growing old are those who come and go,
Every time I there enter adds to my lament and regrets.
In the obscurity of smoke, wine flags incline,
I lean over a high-rise to further my sight,
And see many a duck returning to branches and stay.
Although I so desire homecoming,
I could only send my thoughts with the flowing water to the very far away.
【赏析】
宋哲宗绍圣元年(1094),秦观自国史编修贬杭州通判,重过洛阳。昔日的欢乐犹在念中,但时移世换,再也无复当年的兴致了。故地重游,词人压抑不住心头的情堵,写下了这首词作。
作品的结构以今昔交错的形式展开。开篇三句写初春之临,“东风暗换年华”明写冰雪消融、冬去春来的自然时序变化,实则寓含着政局的变化、人事的变迁以殛人生年华流转的丰富感慨。“金谷”以下一直到下阙的“飞盖妨花”,转入到对往日旧游的追述上来,打破了传统的上下阕的界限,是大胆的艺术创新。初春新晴之时,游赏优美的名园,漫步在繁华的街道上,软鞋轻踏平沙,感觉是何等的睡意。
而三月的艳阳天,处处都荡漾着迷人的春天气息。“絮翻蝶舞”、 “柳下桃蹊”、“乱分春色”以浓墨重彩写出了往昔春日之美,“芳思交加”极写当年畅游时心情的欢喻,这些都为下文对比今朝之暗淡埋下了伏笔。“西园夜饮”句由春日的胜景转入喻快的饮宴,时间则由白天进入到了夜晚,当时欢会之盛、兴致之高可想而知。然而,昔日的欢乐终究已成为过去。当年夜饮时是何等的意气风发,豪气冲天,如今却是“行人渐老”,何等的消沉。“烟暝酒旗斜”,再无往日的欢乐与荣耀,独倚酒楼,所见只有“栖鸦”,更寓寄着宦海沉浮、仕途蹉跎的感慨在里面。人生是这样的变幻无常,政治是这样的难以把握,昨日的美好回忆也成了镜花水月,那归去之心也就无可奈何地,然而却又是自然而然地占据了词人的脑海。在感旧——思归的情绪中,词人把一种丰富的社会、人生感慨淋漓尽致地表达了出来。 作者简介
秦观(1049~1100),字少游,号邗淘居土和淮海居土,学者称淮海先生。扬卅高邮(今属江苏)人。北宋文学家。宋神宗元丰八年(1085年)进土。曾任太学博士(即国立大学的教官)、秘书省正字、国史院编修官。与黄庭坚、晁补之、张耒号称为“苏门四学士”。他是北宋后期著名婉约派词人,著有《淮海集》40卷、《淮海词》(又名《淮海居士长短句》)、《劝善录》、《逆旅集》。
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