身体部位英语教学课件(2)

　　uvula

　　小舌

　　The uvula is the fleshy extension that hangs at the back of the mouth above the opening of the throat. This is a body part that we share with some other primates; for instance, baboons have small, underdeveloped uvulae. The uvula helps to close the nasopharynx during swallowing, so that no food can enter the nasal passage. It also causes the initiation of the gag reflex if stimulated, and is also used to articulate a range of sounds in speech, such as the guttural R used in French.

　　小舌是嘴巴后部、紧贴喉咙口上方悬垂的部分。这一身体部位其他灵长目动物也有，比如狒狒有小型但发育并不完全的小舌。小舌有助吞咽时闭合鼻咽，避免食物进入鼻道。若受到刺激，小舌会引发咽反射;小舌还能用以清晰地发出一系列音，如法语里喉音r。

　　philtrum

　　人中

　　This term refers to the vertical groove between the bottom of the nose and the upper lip. Interestingly, it comes from the Latin word philtrum which initially meant ‘love-potion’ or ‘love-charm’ and only started being used in English for the body part in the 17th century.

　　这一术语指的是鼻子底部和上唇间竖直的凹陷部分。有趣的是，这个词来源于拉丁语philtrum ，最初意为“爱情”或“爱情魔咒”，直到17世纪才开始用于英语表示身体部位。

　　gowpen

　　碗状(两手靠拢形成)

　　This is the hollow that is formed when the two hands are placed together to create a bowl shape. It originates from the Old Norse gaupn.

　　这个词指的是双手靠拢形成的碗状时双手凹陷的部分，来源于古挪威语gaupn.

　　gynaecomastia

　　男性乳房

　　The technical medical term for what some might refer to in everyday conversation as ‘man boobs’ or ‘moobs’ – or, rather, the condition that causes the swelling of a man’s breast tissue, usually caused by hormone therapy or imbalance.

　　这一专业术语即有些人日常对话中所说的“男性乳房”，更确切地说，是引发男性胸部组织肿胀、隆起的条件，通常由激素疗法或内分泌失调所致。