The dog is one of the most popular pets in the world. It ordinarily remains loyal to a considerate master, and because of this the dog has been called man's best friend. Class distinctions between people have no part in a dog's life. It can be a faithful companion to either rich or poor.
Dogs have been domesticated for most of human history and have thus endeared themselves to many over the years. Stories have been told about brave dogs that served admirably in war or that risked their lives to save persons in danger. When Pompeii--the Roman community destroyed by Mount Vesuvius in AD 79--was finally excavated, searchers found evidence of a dog lying across a child, apparently trying to protect the youngster. Perhaps few of the millions of dogs in the world may be so heroic, but they are still a source of genuine delight to their owners.
A dog fits easily into family life. It thrives on praise and affection. When a master tells a dog that it is good, the animal happily wags its tail. But when a master scolds a dog, it skulks away with a sheepish look and with its tail tucked between its legs.
People in the city as well as those in other areas can enjoy a dog. Medium-size or small dogs are best suited for the confines of the city. Large dogs need considerable exercise over a large area.
Dogs are not always well thought of, however. In recent years dogs in the city have been in the center of controversy. Some people have criticized dog owners for allowing their pets to soil sidewalks and lawns, although in some cities laws oblige owners to walk their dogs along street curbs. In turn, dog owners have argued that the animals serve as protection against vandals and burglars and thus protect their detractors as well as their owners.
When a person decides to own a dog, he should be prepared to care for it properly. For a dog to stay healthy it must be correctly fed and adequately groomed, and its medical needs must be met. For a dog to be well-mannered it must be properly trained. It should never be ill-treated or mishandled. Otherwise, it will bite in its own defense.
The wild ancestors of all dogs were hunters. Wolves and other wild relatives of the dog still hunt in packs for their food. Dogs have retained the urge to be with the pack. This is why they do not like to be left alone for long. Some breeds of dogs still retain the hunting instinct.
Dogs exist in a wide range of sizes, colors, and temperaments. Some, such as the Doberman pinscher and the German shepherd, serve as alert and aggressive watchdogs. Others, such as the beagle and the cocker spaniel, are playful family pets, even though they were bred for hunting. Still others, such as the collie and the Welsh corgi, can herd farm or range animals. Each of the dogs just mentioned is a purebred. A mongrel dog, however--one with many breeds in its background--can just as easily fit into family life.
Dogs have been with humans since prehistoric times. Over the years they have performed various services. They have pulled sleds over snowy tracts. They have delivered messages, herded sheep and cattle, and even rescued persons trapped in the snow. Dogs have served as a source of food, too. The ancient Romans are said to have prized certain kinds of dog stew. The Aztecs of ancient Mexico raised tiny dogs, thought to be the forebears of the chihuahua, to feed the large carnivores in the private zoos of the Aztec rulers. In the past dogs have even been worshiped as gods. Recently, they have been used in drug research, medical experimentation, and space science. Soviet scientists launched dogs into space to test the ability of mammals to survive the rigors of space travel before people were sent up.
Dogs are trained as guard dogs in peacetime by the United States Army and other military services. Because of their keen sense of smell, dogs are used by police at times to track down escaped prisoners. Law enforcement agencies also rely on the dog's acute sense of smell to uncover illegal drugs. And specially trained dogs serve as the "eyes" of the blind, guiding the steps of their sightless masters around obstacles and hazards.
狗是世界上最受欢迎的宠物之一。它通常仍然忠于一个体贴的主人,因为这个狗被称为人类最好的朋友。人们之间的阶级差别没有生活在狗的一部分。它可以是一个忠实的伴侣,无论是富人还是穷人。
狗驯化在人类历史的大多数时期,因此球员很多。故事被告知关于勇敢的狗,令人钦佩的战争或冒着生命危险拯救的人处于危险之中。当庞培——罗马社区在公元79年被维苏威火山——终于被挖掘,搜索者发现一只狗躺在一个孩子的证据,显然试图保护这个年轻人。也许一些世界上数以百万计的狗可能是英雄,但他们仍然是一个真正的喜悦主人的来源。
一只狗容易符合家庭生活。在赞美和感情。当大师告诉一只狗,它是好的,动物快乐地摇尾巴。但当主人骂狗,它潜伏了一个羞怯的外观和它的两腿之间夹着尾巴。
城市的人们以及那些在其他领域可以享受一只狗。中型或小型狗是最适合城市的范围。大型犬在大面积需要相当大的锻炼。
然而,狗并不总是值得思考的。近年来狗在城市里一直在争论的中心。有些人批评狗主人允许宠物土壤人行道和草坪,尽管在一些城市的法律迫使业主限制他们的狗沿着街道散步。反过来,狗主人认为,动物作为防范破坏者和窃贼,从而保护他们的批评者以及它们的主人。
当一个人决定自己的一条狗,他应该准备妥善照顾它。狗保持健康必须正确美联储和充分培养及其医疗需求必须得到满足。狗必须得到适当的训练表现得彬彬有礼。它不应该虐待或处理不当。否则,它会咬自己的防御。
所有的狗都是猎人的野生祖先。狼和其他的野生亲缘狗仍然集体觅食的食物。狗有保留的冲动与包。这就是为什么他们不喜欢独处太久。一些品种的狗仍然保留了狩猎的本能。
狗存在大范围的大小,颜色,和性情。一些,比如杜宾犬,德国牧羊犬,作为预警和积极的监督者。其他的,如小猎犬和可卡犬,好玩的家庭宠物,尽管他们的狩猎。还有一些,比如牧羊犬和威尔士科基犬,可以群农场或范围的动物。每个狗刚才提到的一个纯种。一条杂种狗,然而——有许多品种的背景——可以很容易适应家庭生活。
狗自史前时代以来一直与人类。这些年来,他们已经在执行各种服务。他们已经把雪橇在雪大片。他们传递的`消息,赶羊和牛,甚至救出被困在雪地里的人。狗也有担任过的食物来源。古罗马人据说炖珍贵的某些种类的狗。古代墨西哥的阿兹特克提出了很小的狗,认为是吉娃娃的祖先,给阿兹特克的私人动物园大型食肉动物的统治者。在过去的狗甚至被崇拜为神。最近,他们被用于药物研究、医疗实验,和空间科学。苏联科学家发射了狗测试能力的哺乳动物生存的艰辛太空旅行之前人打发了。
狗是训练有素的警犬在和平时期的美国军队和其他军事服务。因为他们的敏锐的嗅觉,狗被警察有时用来追踪逃跑的囚犯。执法机构也依靠狗的敏锐的嗅觉发现非法毒品。和受过专门训练的狗充当盲人的“眼睛”,指导的步骤失明的主人在障碍和危害。
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